Rate of Epstein-Barr Virus in Gastric Adenocarcinoma in Egyptian Patients in View of the WHO Classification and Correlation with p16 Immunoreactivity

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the top causes cancer-related deaths worldwide. According to Cancer Genome Atlas, there are four subtypes GC, with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) subtype accounting for about 10% cases. EBV infection EBV-associated GC (EBVaGC). The previous research suggested that presence viral genome in gastric carcinomas could be used as a surrogate marker targeted therapy and optimal treatment. We aimed explore rate involvement carcinogenesis from molecular perspective view evaluate role tumor-suppressor protein p16 diagnosis Egyptian patients relation infection. METHODS: One hundred-four surgically resected cases were analyzed. Two methods including quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) detecting EBV-derived latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA-1) genes well immunohistochemistry (IHC) detection LMP-1 on paraffinized tissue blocks applied. RESULTS: Using IHC, was presented 90/104 (86.5%) cases, detected 4 (3.84%). qPCR 14 positive (13.46%). In using qPCR, no expression detected. CONCLUSION: EBVaGC has low incidence Egypt; loss recognized considered promising biomarker EBVaGC. combination two IHC addition recommended improving accuracy identification infected cancer.